This is an article from New England Journal of Medicine and it is published by Hassan N. Ibrahim, M.D., Robert Foley, M.B., B.S., LiPing Tan, M.D., Tyson Rogers, M.S., Robert F. Bailey, L.P.N., Hongfei Guo, Ph.D., Cynthia R. Gross, Ph.D., and Arthur J. Matas, M.D. in January 2009.
The article says the long-term renal consequences of kidney donation by a living donor are attracting increased appropriate interest. The overall evidence suggests that living kidney donors have survival similar to that of nondonors and that their risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is not increased. Previous studies have included relatively small numbers of donors and a brief follow-up period.
According to other Internet sources, End-stage kidney disease (ESRD) is when the kidneys are no longer able to work at a level needed for day-to-day life. The most common causes of ESRD in the U.S. are diabetes and high blood pressure. These conditions can affect your kidneys. ESRD almost always comes after chronic kidney disease. The kidneys may slowly stop working over 10 - 20 years before end-stage disease results.
Back to the research article, they ascertained the vital status and lifetime risk of ESRD in 3698 kidney donors who donated kidneys during the period from 1963 through 2007; from 2003 through 2007. They also measured the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion and assessed the prevalence of hypertension, general health status, and quality of life in 255 donors.
Note that glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a test used to check how well the kidneys are working. Specifically, it estimates how much blood passes through the tiny filters in the kidneys, called glomeruli, each minute.
The survival of kidney donors was similar to that of controls who were matched for age, sex, and race or ethnic group. ESRD developed in 11 donors, a rate of 180 cases per million persons per year, as compared with a rate of 268 per million per year in the general population. At a mean (± means standard deviation) of 12.2±9.2 years after donation, 85.5% of the subgroup of 255 donors had a GFR of 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area or higher, 32.1% had hypertension, and 12.7% had albuminuria. Older age and higher body-mass index, but not a longer time since donation, were associated with both a GFR that was lower than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 and hypertension. Most donors had quality-of-life scores that were better than population norms, and the prevalence of coexisting conditions was similar to that among controls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who were matched for age, sex, race or ethnic group, and body-mass index.
As a conclusion, survival and the risk of ESRD in carefully screened kidney donors appear to be similar to those in the general population. Most donors who were studied had a preserved GFR, normal albumin excretion, and an excellent quality of life.
It's interesting that the overall evidence of this article suggests that living kidney donors have survival similar to that of nondonors and that their risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is not increased. That's a benefit for healthy donors to understand and healthy individuals who may consider donating in the future. It's good to know that even with one kidney, a person can survive just as a normal nondonor.
ReplyDeleteI think this blog is very important in the sense that it lets the general public know that if you are healthy then donating a kidney will not decrease your chances of survival. It is good to know that you can stay healthy and help someone that is not healthy by donating a kidney.
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